European Economic Area
European Economic Area
Unmanned Aircraft System Regulations
EU regulations 2019/947 and 2019/945 adopt a risk-based approach and set out the framework for the safe operation of civil drones in the European skies.
They entered into force on 31 December 2020 in all EU Member States, including Norway, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, and Iceland. From 1 January 2024, all civil drones in 'open category' and 'specific category' will require CE certification to be authorized to fly in the areas mentioned above.
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DefinitionsThe definitions in Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 apply：
Definitions
The definitions in Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 apply：
Maximum take-off mass (MTOM) means the maximum UA mass, including payload and fuel, as defined by the manufacturer or the builder, at which the UA can be operated
Maximum take-off mass (MTOM) means the maximum UA mass, including payload and fuel, as defined by the manufacturer or the builder, at which the UA can be operated
Visual line of sight operation (VLOS) means a type of UAS operation in which, the remote pilot is able to maintain continuous unaided visual contact with the unmanned aircraft, allowing the remote pilot to control the flight path of the unmanned aircraft in relation to other aircraft, people and obstacles for the purpose of avoiding collisions
Visual line of sight operation (VLOS) means a type of UAS operation in which, the remote pilot is able to maintain continuous unaided visual contact with the unmanned aircraft, allowing the remote pilot to control the flight path of the unmanned aircraft in relation to other aircraft, people and obstacles for the purpose of avoiding collisions
Beyond visual line of sight operation (BVLOS) means a type of UAS operation which is not conducted in VLOS
Beyond visual line of sight operation (BVLOS) means a type of UAS operation which is not conducted in VLOS
Light UAS operator certificate (LUC) means a certificate issued to a UAS operator by a competent authority
Light UAS operator certificate (LUC) means a certificate issued to a UAS operator by a competent authority
UAS operator means any legal or natural person operating or intending to operate one or more UAS
UAS operator means any legal or natural person operating or intending to operate one or more UAS
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Authority
FrameworkRegulation (EU) 2019/947 defines three categories of operations of unmanned aircraft systems (referred to as UAS): the 'open', the 'specific' and the 'certified' category. Manufacturers of UAS are required to ensure that their products comply with the health and safety requirements in the following applicable directives before placing them in the European Economic Area market.
Framework
Regulation (EU) 2019/947 defines three categories of operations of unmanned aircraft systems (referred to as UAS): the 'open', the 'specific' and the 'certified' category. Manufacturers of UAS are required to ensure that their products comply with the health and safety requirements in the following applicable directives before placing them in the European Economic Area market.
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Category
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Categories of UAS Operations
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Applicable EU Directives / Regulations |
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Open category
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• MTOM < 25kg
• No flight over assemlies of people
• Keep VLOS
• Altitude<120m
• Does not carry dangerous goods and does not drop any material
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• UAS Regulation
• Machniery Directive
• Low Voltage Directive
• EMC Directive
• Radio Equipment Directive
• ROHS
• …
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Specific category
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• Maximum characteristic dimension < 3m
• Fly over assemlies of people
• BVLOS
• Altitude<120m
| |
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Certified category
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• Maximum characteristic dimension > 3m
• Used for any of the case below:
Fly over assemblies of people
Involves the transport of people
Delivery of dangerous good
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• Civil aviation basic regulation Regulation (EU) 2018/1139
• Initial Airworthiness - Regulation (EU) No 748/2012
• Additional Airworthiness Specifications Regulation (EU) 2015/640
• Continuing Airworthiness Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014
• …... |
Requirements For Open UAS
Requirements For Open UAS
Depending on the variance of maximum take-off mass (hereinafter referred to as MTOM), UAS in open category are divided into different categories
with different requirements for labelling, operating rules, operator registration, capability and age of remote polite.
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Subcategory
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Class
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Class identification label
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MTOM
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Fly over people and horizontal distance requirements
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Operator registration on NAA
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Remote pilot competence
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Minimum age for remote pilots
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A1
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C0
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< 250 g
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No
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no limits
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C1
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< 900 g
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Required
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16+
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||
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A2
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C2
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< 4 kg
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|
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||
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A3
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C2
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< 4 kg
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|
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|||
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C3
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< 25 kg
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|||||
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C4
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 |
< 25 kg
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Conformity Assessment Procedure
Conformity Assessment Procedure
For the certification of UAS, manufacturers select often the conformity assessment procedures Module B + Module C.
Module B: EU-type examination
EU-type examination is the part of a conformity assessment procedure in which a notified body examines the technical design of a UAS and verifies and attests that the technical design of the UAS meets the requirements of this Directive that apply to it.
ATIC will provide a detailed test plan
After all tests passed, you will get the Module B certificate issued by Notified Body
The manufacturer shall take all measures necessary so that the manufacturing process and its monitoring ensure conformity of the manufactured product with the approved type described in the EU-type examination certificate and with the applicable requirements set out in regulation (EU)2019/945.
ATIC will provide a detailed audit plan.
After all audits passed, you will get the Module C certificate issued by Notified Body.
The simplified EU declaration of conformity shall be provided as follows:
- Name of manufacturer
- Identification of the UAS: type or serial number
- Class
- Guaranteed sound power level of … dB(A) [for non fixed-wing UAS classes 1 ，2，3，5，6 only]
- Website address of full EU declaration of conformity
By drawing up the EU declaration of conformity, the manufacturer shall assume responsibility for the compliance of the UAS with the requirements laid down in this Directive.
- CE Markings：CE marking shall comply with the requirements described in REGULATION (EC) No 765/2008.
- UA class identification label
- The indication of the sound power level (if applicable)
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